Japanese onsen (hot springs) are one of the country's greatest treasures. There's nothing quite like soaking in mineral-rich waters while surrounded by nature, letting all your stress melt away. For many foreign visitors, it becomes one of their most memorable experiences in Japan.
I'm Japanese and often take my foreign friends to onsen. Through these experiences, I've noticed that many visitors feel anxious about the rules and worry about making mistakes. Most guides online make onsen etiquette sound super strict and intimidating. But here's the thing - it's really not that scary! Let me share what you actually need to know, based on real experiences with my international friends.
I'm a web creator living in Shikoku, Japan. Most of the people I hang out with are from different countries now, so international exchange is just part of my everyday life. I've lived in Taiwan and Malaysia, spent months backpacking around the world, and want to help people get settled in Japan through projects like OhashiJozu.
The Essential Rules: DOs and DON'Ts
Before You Get In (DOs and DON'Ts)
DOs (What You Should Do)
Take off your shoes and use the shoe locker Some people just leave their shoes at the entrance, but using the locker shows consideration for others. It's a small gesture that reflects the Japanese spirit of thinking about the next person.
Wash your body first Some people thoroughly soap up and scrub everything, while others just rinse off with the shower. Either is fine! The important thing is to clean yourself before entering the bath.
Do the "kake-yu" (pre-bath rinse) Suddenly jumping into hot water can shock your system. By gradually pouring hot water over your body (starting from your feet and working up), you help your body adjust to the temperature and prevent dizziness. This practice comes from Japan's "toji" culture - using hot springs for health and healing.
Bring a small towel The small towel serves two purposes: covering yourself if you feel self-conscious, and drying off before returning to the changing room. It's not mandatory, but most Japanese people bring one. Drying off before leaving the bath area is an important way to keep the facilities clean - it's part of taking care of shared spaces.
DON'Ts (What to Avoid)
Don't bathe after drinking One of my friends had a glass of wine before his first onsen experience because he was nervous. While a small amount might be okay, I wouldn't recommend it.
The combination of hot water and alcohol causes your blood vessels to dilate, which can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, dizziness, or even fainting. There's also a risk of dehydration. Personally, I always skip the pre-bath drinks to ensure a good onsen experience.
No swimsuits or underwear Japanese onsen culture includes the concept of "hadaka no tsukiai" - literally "naked companionship." It represents equality and genuine human connection beyond social status or appearances. Unlike spas in other countries, you must be completely naked in Japanese onsen.
In the Bath (DOs and DON'Ts)
DOs (What You Should Do)
Keep it relatively quiet Online guides often emphasize this rule, but honestly, I don't see many "SILENCE!" signs at the onsen I visit in rural areas. You'll often see people chatting and enjoying themselves. Just remember there's a limit - be mindful of others. Onsen are traditionally places for healing both body and mind.
Tie up long hair I have long hair, so I always tie it up high. It might touch the water a tiny bit sometimes, but as long as it's tied up, you're fine. Floating hair in the bath isn't hygienic, so please secure it before getting in. This is another way of keeping the shared water clean for everyone.
DON'Ts (What to Avoid)
Don't put your head or face in the water This is for hygiene reasons - we need to keep the shared water as clean as possible.
Keep your towel out of the bath Towel fibers and any soap residue can affect the water quality. Place your towel on your head or on the edge of the bath.
No loud talking, swimming, or diving Onsen are places for relaxation and healing. Loud conversations, singing, swimming, diving, or splashing disturb other bathers.
After Bathing & In the Changing Room (DOs and DON'Ts)
DOs (What You Should Do)
Dry off before entering the changing room Always wipe the water off your body before leaving the bath area. This keeps the changing room dry and comfortable for everyone.
Clean up after yourself You don't need to scrub everything spotless - just rinse your bucket and wash away any soap suds you've left behind. It's part of the Japanese culture of consideration for the next person.
DON'Ts (What to Avoid)
No phones or cameras in the bath or changing areas This is a relatively new rule that's become more common recently. I actually know some foreigners who tried to take photos in the bath area because it seemed so exotic to them. But this is strictly forbidden for privacy reasons. Plus, the hot, humid environment isn't great for your smartphone anyway. Save the selfies for outside the facility.
Final Thoughts
Onsen etiquette might seem overwhelming at first, but it really boils down to two simple principles: being considerate of others and keeping things clean. By following these guidelines, everyone - Japanese and foreign visitors alike - can enjoy a wonderful onsen experience.
Japanese onsen culture is truly special. Understanding and respecting these customs will help you create unforgettable memories. So relax, follow the basics, and enjoy this uniquely Japanese way to unwind!
This guide is based on real experiences. Individual facilities may have their own specific rules, so always check local signs and guidelines.